Stabilizer



J. C. LUNCQLN STABILIZER Aug@ 26 V 192%.

Filed Allg. 29 1919 2 Mees-Sham l J. C. {..HNCQLN STABILIZER Aug. Z61924. 1,506,374

Filed Aug. 29. 1919 2 shun-shut z .www

Patented ug. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATESv .PATENT OFFICE.

JoiIN o. LINCOLN, or CLEVELAND, OHIO, AssIeNoR To 'ran cI'rIznNs SAVINGSAND 'raps'r COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, omo, A CORPORATION. or OHIO.

. srABILIznn.

Application illed August29, 1919. Serial No. 320,655.

To all whomA 'it may concern: y

Be it known that I, JOHN C. LINCOLN, a citizen of the United States,'resident of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, and State ofOhio, haveinvented new and useful Im- .provements inStabilizers, of which thefollowing is a speciication, the principle of the invention being hereinexplained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying thatprinciple, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

My invention relates to stabilizers and particularly to apparatus ofthis character utilized as arc controllers in arc welding machines. Theelectrical principles underlying my invention, and forming the basis forthe use of a paratus of this character, include the wellown law that inall cases of electro-magnetic. induction, the induced currents have sucha direction that their reaction tends to stop the force which producesthem. Particularly, my invention comprehends a design of stabilizer bywhich, because voi'. the new relative arrangement of the parts, betterresults are',l produced than with any other apparatus of this characterwith which I am acquainted.

The annexed drawings and the following descri tion set forth in detailcertain means embo ying my invention, the disclosed means, however,constituting but one of the p various mechanical forms in which theprinciple of the invention may be employed.

In said annexed drawings:

Figure 1 re resents a plan View of my new` and improve arrangement;

Figure 2 represents a side elevation;

Figure 3 represents a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section, takenin the plane indicated by the line III-III, Figure 1;

Figure 4 represents an end elevation, taken from the plane indicated bythe line IV--IV, Figure 3;

Figure 5 represents a vertical transverse section taken in the planeindicated by the line'V-V, Figure 3; and

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic representation of the arrangement, includingconventional representations of the generator, the weldingpencil, andthe parts to be welded.

tilizing the well-known law statedl above, I have then relativelyarranged the elements entering into the make-up of my apparatus, sothaty the design is more compact, cheaper, and acts more quickly thanother apparatus of this character. In general, this result is efected byproviding an assembly in which the return magnetic circuit is an openone, the lines of force col- ,lapsing more quickly in such a design.

with certain resistance for the purpose of.

cutting down the current, may be out into the circuit in series forlight duty, as hereinafter fully described. Other improvements in mymechanical arrangement and the purposes and results thereof will fullyappear 1n detail from the accompanying drawings and the followingdescription.

Referring tO the annexed drawings, and particularly to Figure 6 thereof,a circuit for, direct current of low Voltage and high amperage from thegenerator 2 is indicated by the ordinal l, into which `circuit inimproved stabilizer isintroduced throng the medium of the binding posts3 and 4. A pencil for arc welding is indicated by the ordinal 5 and theparts to be welded, plates for instance, are indicated by the ordinal 6.Suitable resistance 7 is connected into this circuit l for the' pur e ofacting as a ballast for the arc. improved stabilizer which is connectedinto this circuit comprises two coils 8 and 9 adapted by the switch 10to be connected into the circuit either in parallel or in series,suitable resistance 1l being also connected into the circuit or thepurpose of cutting down the current when the coils 8 and 9 are connectedin series for light duty. The general purose of this stabilizer is, ofcourse, to help in the control of the arc by reducin to a great extentdependence upon the a ility, dexterity and experience of the Welder. Thestabilizer permits variations in the length of the arc and particularlyenables the use of a short arc without the are breaking off. Not onlydoes the apparatus tend to prevent the ultimate blowing out of the arc,-but all the variations in the main current, less than such a maximumvariation as would result in the blowing out of the arc, are compen- Vsoone. layer of bare copper wire.

sated for by the influence of the ux of the stabilizer. These variationsare caused by diiferent agencies, such as for instance, rapid changes inresistance occasioned by the exy plosions of hydrogen occluded in thewelding area. The range of the apparatus, within which its compensationfeaturevis edsctive, is determined, of course, b the number of lines offorce, the number o turns in the coils, and the frequency. This resultis ob-V tained by a specific Working of the general well known law abovestated, because, when the current in circuit 1 drops,'the voltagegenerated in the coils 8 and 9, due to the change in the ux in thereactance 12, tends to keep the main current flowing in the samedirection; and when the main current rises, the voltage generated in thecoils, due to the change in the flux in the reactance, tends to keep themain current down. Now, I have designed my stabilizer .so that the linesof force are broken down very quickly. I accomplish this by providing anon-magnetic return circuit or an open return magnetic circuit,Specifically, a return magnetic circuit through the air. To this end, Ihave provided a straight laminated paramagnetic core 12, separated fromthe coil 9 by the insulation sections 14, the coils 8 and 9 beincontained one within the other and separated by the insulation sections13.- These separated insulation sections 13 and 14 permit thoroughcooling. As plainly shown in Figure 5, each of the coils 8 and 9consists of nated core 12 is supported by means of rods 15 and twolateral stiii'ening plates 2O welded to said rods. These holding rods 15cons tit-ute partof the core 12, as plainly shown in Figure 5, and aresecured at their respective ends in end lates 16 which are furtherstrengthened and) spaced by corner' rods 17. `The end plates 16 aresubstantially greater in area than the cross section of the core 12,

resulting in decreasing the reluctance of the magnetic lines in escapinginto the air. Although not desiring to limit myself in any particularwith regard to the comparative areas of the plate' 16 and the crosssection of the core l2, for purposes of illustration, Iv

Wish to point out that the Stabilizer shown in the accompanyingdrawings, upon a reduced scale, is equipped with plates 16 about 7inches square or 49 square inches and with a core 12 whose cross sectionis about 9 square inches. The connections 3 and 4 between the stabilizerand the main circuit, and the switch 10 and resistance `11 forcontrolling the circuit as to heavy and light duty, are mounted upon theupper pair of said rods 17 by means of an le iron :trames 18. A baseplate 19 for sai circuit 'connections and said switch is mounted uponone end of said angle irons 18. The resist- The lamiance 11 is mountedupon the other end ot said angles 18.

The arrangement described provides an apparatus of this character whichis very cheaply produced, an assembly which is very compact, as plainlyshown in Figures 1 and 2, and one in which the reactions, due to changesin the main current, take place very quickly.

What I claim is;

l. In are welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts ofsaid circuit; a common core for said coils; each coil being made of onelayer of bare copper wire, the said coils being insulated one from theother and from the core; means for connecting the coils in series or inparallel; and two plates materially greater in area than thecross-Section of the core and bolted respectively to the ends of thelatter, whereby the reluctance of the magnetic lines in escaping intothe air is decreased. i

2. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming arts ofsaid circuit; a common core for saidp coils; two platesy materiallygreater in'area than the cross-section of the core and boltedrespectively to the ends of the latter, whereby the reluctance of themagnetic lines in escaping into the air is decreased; and means forcutting said coils into said circuit either in series or in parallel.

3. In are welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts ofsaid circuit; a common core for said coils, each coil being made of onelayer ci' bare copper wire, the

`said-coils being insulated from one another and from the core; meansfor connecting the coils in series or in parallel; two plates materiallygreater in areal than the cross-section of the core; and bolts formingpart of the core and securing said plates to the respective endsthereof.

4. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts ofsaid circuit; a common core for said coils; means for cutting said coilsinto said circuit in series or in parallel; two plates materiallyvgreater in area than thev cross-section ot the core; and bolts formingpart of the core and securing said plates to the respective endsthereof.

5. In arc welding apparatus, a circuit; a pair of coils forming parts ofsaid circuit; a common substantially straight core for said coils; twoplates materially reater in area than the cross-section of tie core;bolts forming a part of the core and securing said plates to therespective ends thereof; a Switch 'for cutting said coils into said cirA.cuit either in series or in parallel; and a re-

